建构主义的学习与教学观要义评析

The Main Points of Learning and Teaching Ideas of Constructivism

建构主义认为学习的本质是个体积极主动的建构过程 ,学习的内容不仅包括结构性知识 ,而且包括非结构性知识。教学的目标与任务是发展学生的主体性 ,教学过程中强调教学的理解性 ,重视活动与主体交往 ,重视教学情境的构建 ,可资选择的教学模式有认知学徒教学模式、问题解决教学模式、交互式教学模式、抛锚式教学模式、随机通达教学模式。这种学习与教学观重视个体的建构潜能 ,强调建构性 ,建构性是主体性的内在依据 ,这为我们如何培养与发展学生的主体性提供了新的视野和思维空间 。

Constructivism believes that the essence of learning is a process of individual positive construction. The learning contents include structural knowledge and non structural knowledge. The aim of teaching is to develop the students centered idea, and lay emphasis on the understanding in the teaching process, the interaction between the activities and individuals, and the construction of teaching context. This fresh learning and teaching idea is conducive to the cultivation of students, simultaneously, it will provide theoretical base for the subjective education.