“中国文艺复兴”的历史考辨

History Discrimination of "The Chinese Renaissance

在中国现代思想学术史上，曾出现过多种类型的“中国文艺复兴”说，或以清代学术比附欧洲文艺复兴，或将五四新文化运动与欧洲文艺复兴等量齐观，或认为中国儒家人生态度的复兴才称得上是中国的文艺复兴。其中，影响最大的当属胡适的“五四文艺复兴”说。就形式和精神气质方面看，五四新文化运动与欧洲文艺复兴相同，都致力于“人的解放”，高扬人的价值，以文明的再生为目标。但从历史内容一面看，五四新文化运动是“外发型”的思想文化运动，完全不同于欧洲文艺复兴的“复古”策略，两者不可同日而语。

In the academic history of modern Chinese ideology, there emerged many kinds of theory about 'The Chinese Renaissance'. Some comeared the academic research in Qing Dynasty to the European Renaissance, and some equalized the New Culture Movement with the European Renaissance, and others regarded the revival of Confucian Philosophy of life as the Renaissance in China. Among them, the most influential one is the theory of 'May the fourth Renaissance presented by Hu Shi. It is true that as far as the form and spirit are concerned, the New Culture Movement is similar to the European Renaissance. Both advocated emancipation of human nature and value of man, and took the revival of civilization as their objective But in terms of content, the New Culture Movement is an ideology and culture movement sparked by external factore. It is totally different from the European Renaissance, which adopted a 'back- to-the ancients' policy.