物理学与材料科学结合的机遇与挑战

INTERFACE BETWEEN PHYSICS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE

物理学 ,特别是凝聚态物理学与材料科学的交叉在近几十年已取得丰硕的研究成果 .文章分四部分 :(1)简要介绍了材料与材料科学的基本概念 ;(2 )回顾近代历史上物理学与材料科学交叉的一些典型例子 ;(3)介绍在表面和界面、缺陷、理论和模型、微结构表征、新材料以及新工艺等领域物理学与材料科学交叉的简况及材料研究的一些前沿问题 ;(4)

The interface between materials science and physics,especially condensed matter physics, has been a fruitful area of scientific research throughout the modern history of both disciplines. This paper is divided into four sections: (1)The definition materials as well as materials science and engineering are briefly introduced. (2)Selected highlights in recent history of the interaction between physics and materials science are reviewed. (3)Some lastest developments in the interaction between physics and materials science e.g. in the areas of surfaces and interfaces, defects, theory and modeling, microstructure characterization, new materials and new processes are briefly reviewed.(4)The effect of physics on the development of nanomaterials is discussed.