纺丝级尼龙6的反应挤出研究

Study on polymerization of fiber-grade PA6 by reactive extrusion

利用阴离子开环聚合反应在双螺杆上快速制得了相对分子质量适当 ,相对分子质量分布较低(小于 3) ,单体含量低 (质量分数为 2 .5%～ 2 .8% ) ,流变性能好 ,易于纺丝的纺丝级尼龙 6。介绍了双螺杆反应挤出机的设计原理 ,讨论了催化剂、活化剂、助剂和挤出条件等因素对纺丝级尼龙 6的相对分子质量及其分布、残留单体量等的影响。实验发现 ,催化剂主要起引发反应的作用 ,活化剂则可大大加快反应速度 ,而助剂的加入可有效地提高聚合物的可纺性。

Fiber\|grade PA6 was rapidly synthesized by the ring\|open anionic polymerization of ε\|caprolactam in a twin\|screw extruder. The resulting polymer had suitable relative molecular weight and its distribution lower than 3, residual concentration in the range of 2.5%～2.8% and good rheological behavior. The designing principle of the twin\|screw extruder was introduced. The influences of the catalyst, activator, additive and the process technology of the extruder on relative molecular weight and its distribution, residual concentration etc. were discussed. The results showed that the catalyst could initiate the reaction, the activator could accelerate the reaction rate, and the additives could improve the rheological behavior of the polymer.