原料对聚氨酯弹性体透明性的影响

Effect of raw materials on transparency of polyurethane elastomer

研究了采用不同类型的异氰酸酯、聚合多元醇及扩链剂合成透明聚氨酯 (PU)弹性体 ,详细讨论分析了异氰酸酯的种类、多元醇的种类及分子量、扩链剂的类型及结构特点、微量水分等对PU透明性的影响。结果表明 ,采用脂环族异氰酸酯IPDI或脂肪族异氰酸酯HDI ,分子量为 10 0 0～ 2 0 0 0的聚醚二元醇PTMEG和丁二醇BDO类扩链剂制备出的PU具有优异的透明性 ;同时结合PU的力学性能 ,进一步明确透明PU的原料及配方 ,结果显示 :n(IPDI)∶n(PTMEG10 0 0 )∶n(1,4 BDO) =2∶1∶1时的PU具有最好的综合性能。

Transparent polyurethane elastomers were prepared from different diisocyanates, polymeric glycols and chain extenders. The influences of the types of diisocyanates, polyester and polyether and their molecular weight ,the types of chain extenders on transparency were investigated . The results show that high grade transparent polyurethane(PU) elastomer should be prepared from cycloaliphatic diisocyanates such as IPDI or aliphatic diisocyanates such as HDI, polyether diols such as PTMEG having a molecular weight between about 1?000 and 2?000,and chain extender BDO.Furthermore, physical properties of transparent PU were studied and the results show that IPDI/PTMEG1?000/1,4 BDO(2∶1∶1) has the best comprehensive properties.