《论法的精神》的研究方法

The Research Method in the Spirit of Laws by Montesquieu

本着“让存在自己显现自身”的现象学释义学精神。以“方法是主客体的中介 ,是概念的内在规定和对象的原则”作为指导 ,阐发《论法的精神》所贯穿的“整体的、历史的、比较的实证研究方法”。这一方法使孟德斯鸠与古典自然学派区别开来 ,由此对“孟德斯鸠属于自然法学派”

This paper explicates the research methods used by Baron de Montesquieu in his The Spirit of Laws . It claims that fhe major research method used by him in the book belongs to the school of positivists, which emphasizes wholenss, history and comparison. The positivist method used by him distinguishes him from the school of the classically natural laws. We challenge the traditional viewpoint that Montesquieu belonged to the school of the natural laws. The foundation for us to postulate the above views is the principle of 'let being demonstrate itself', which is shared commonly by phenomenologists and hermeneutists. Another principle which we follow and which encourages us to challenge the traditional viewpoint is that 'methods are the media between the subjects and objects, and methods are the inner targets and principles of categories as well.