阿维菌素生物合成

Biosynthesis of the Avermetins

阿维菌素是迄今发现最有效的杀昆虫剂 ,杀螨虫剂和杀寄生虫剂之一 .本文综述了其生物合成的途径、生物合成的基因簇 .通过对合成基因进行不断的分离与测序 ,现在基本上对每一步合成途径的基因及编码的酶都有所了解 .这使得人们可阻断特定基因表达构建新型菌株 ,以增加有效组分及新型的抗生素的产出 .

The avermetins are a group of closely ralated macrocylic lactones with exceedingly high activity against helminths and anthropods.This paper review the biosyntheticpathway of the avermectins and the organization of the biosynthetic gene cluster which many groups have analysed and cloned.According to the cloned gene cluster,people can use genetical technology to obtain the genetical strains which can produce more potent and non toxical avermectins and its derivatives.An extensive program of chemical modificaton can also be carried out to discover more active avermectins.