GIS用于流域径流污染物的量化研究

Appling GIS to the quantity study of runoff pollutants in watershed

应用GIS技术结合美国通用土壤流失方程对吉林松花湖流域的土壤侵蚀量及非点源污染物的流失量进行定量描述 ,可快速地识别污染物流失的危险发生区 ,得出各地理要素的空间分布 .分析其相互关系 ,得出结论 :( 1 )运用GIS进行非点源污染研究具有良好的适应性和广阔的前景 ;( 2 )流域中土壤侵蚀受土地利用、地形坡度和植被盖度等因素影响 ,而人为活动则是氮磷流失的主控因子 .

In this paper,first present a quantitative description of the soil erosion quantity and the runoff of non-point source pollutant of the Songhua Lake valley in Jilin province.The approach is based on the GIS and the American general soil erosion equation.It accelerates the process of identifying the hazard region,it also helps to obtain the spatial distribution of various geographical factors and analyses their relationships.Finally, reach the following conclusions:(1)the GIS can be well applied to risk assessment the soil erosion and non-point source pollutant runoff;(2)the soil erosion of the different physiognomy is affected by the land use,landform gradient,vegetation coverage and of other factors,while the human activity is the primary factor of pollutant erosion.