夜鹭(Nycticorax nycticorax)的繁殖、生长和恒温能力发育的研究

The Breeding Growth and Development of Homoisothermal Ability in Block-crowned Night Heron ( Nycticorax nycticorax )

1990年2月——1991年7月在牌坊鸟岛观察了26窝87只雏夜鹭。该鸟三月下旬迁来营巢,产卵3——5枚(平均3.35),卵均重31.77g,k_w=0.500。孵化期21——26天(平均23.2),孵化率高达92.68％,孵化期卵失水率24.27％,育雏期30——35天。25日令雏鸟体重达成鸟的88.14％,其体重生长模型为w_t=516.8481/(1+e^(2.7555-0.2389t))。恒温发育分三期:①1——4天为迅速发育期,②4——19天为缓慢上升期,③19天后为恒温建立期,雏鸟食性为蛙(48％)、泥鳅(35％)和鱼(17％)。

The 87 nestlings of 26 broods were observed at pai-fang Island in Nanwan Reservoir, Xinyang, from March, 1990 to june, 1991. The adult migrated to this breeding site in the middle and late of March ( l9-23th March, 1990. 13-17 th March, 1991 ). 2 ) The average height of nest from ground ( 26 nests) was 15. 10 ± 1.37m ( X±SD, 13.3-18.4m). The inside size of nest. 28.86±2.55cm ( 26-35cm) length, 24.77 ± 3.53cm (18-32cm ) breadth, and 4.09±1. 15cm ( 3-8cm ) depth. 3 ) The average clutch size ( 26 broods) was 3. 35 ±0.70 ( 2 - 5eggs ) . Average weight of egg ( 88 eggs) 31.77 ± 2.36g ( 27.25 -35.95g) , egg length ( 99 eggs ) 49. 24 ±2.14tnm ( 45.9-53. 9mm), egg breadth 35.93 ± 1.54mm ( 32. 9 -39.5mm ) , and a species-specific egg weight constant Kw=0.500.4 ) The incubation period was 23. 20 ±1.69 days ( 21 - 26 day) , the survival rate of incubation period was 92.68%, body weight at birth 24.06±2.77g ( 19.9-27. 2g,n= 13 ) ,it was lighter than egg weight in 7.71g, so water loss in incubation period was 24.27%. The length of nursing period is about 30-35 days. 5 ) The average weight of 25 day is nestling ( 525.0±38.18g, n=3 ) reached 88.14% of the weight of adult bird ( 595.63±54.60g, n=8). The weight growth in 25 days after birth was fitted by the following model Wt = 516.8481/1 + e2.7555-0.2389t, R2 = 0.99 6 ) The process of establishment in homo isothermal ability involved three period; ( 1 ) rapid growth period ( 1 st-4 th day ) , ( 2 ) slower growth period tending to stable variation ( 4st- 19 th day) , ( 3 ) homoisothermal period ( after 19 day). The nestling is fully covered with feather at this time. 7 ) The main food of nestling was frogs ( 48. 13% ) , loach ( 35.0% ) and fish( 16.87% ) .