垃圾填埋二次污染的危害与防治

HAZARD AND CONTROL OF SECONDARY POLLUTION IN SANITARY REFUSE LANDFILLING

介绍了垃圾卫生填埋中二次污染的危害 ,指出垃圾卫生填埋场建设和填埋操作中为防止填埋释放物对周围环境的二次污染所应采取的防渗、收集、处理和利用等措施 。

The present paper is mainly concerned with the problems caused by the current garbage landfilling technology. As is known, the problems are caused by the identification of landfill sites and secondary pollution since 1970's. The secondary pollution given off during the landfilling of the garbage and other refuse and after the landfill closure, include landfill gases, leachate and landscape pollution, etc. The impacts of the secondary pollution introduced in the paper may include methane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen and volatile organic gases. Many of them are liable to cause some hazards, such as explosion and fire accidents, underground water pollution, global warming, suffocation of plants, and disgust of human beings and animals. Among the pollutants, leachate can bring pollution to the surface water and underground water. Due to the high cost of transportation, landfill sites are not usually chosen far from the downtown areas, which may make it possible to result in the landscape pollution. In order to prevent the secondary pollution to ambient environment brought about by landfill gases and leachate, corresponding measures such as landfill liner, leachate collection and treatment, gases recovery, etc, have been presented in this paper. The guiding inclination of the paper is to decrease the amount of pollution and reuse and recycle natural resources harmlessly to the environment. A special stress has been put on the discussion as to the choice of landfill sites and their construction as well as the landfilling operation. Seeing the sanitary refuse landfill is a strategically important project, effective preventing measures are to be taken in all links of the production chain including the site choice, design and construction.