黑河流域生态环境的脆弱性及其对地下水的依赖性

A STUDY OF THE ECOLOGICAL FRAGILITY OF HEIHE RIVER BASIN AND ITS HEAVY DEPENDENCE ON THE GROUNDWATER PROTECTION

本文通过翔实的素材阐述了河西走廊黑河流域生态环境的脆弱性及其对地下水环境的依赖性 ,根据野外实地考察实料揭示了适合西北生态脆弱区的地下水可持续利用模式 。

This paper has given an introduction to the distribution of rainfall, surface water resources, groundwater condition and ecological system characteristic of Heihe River Basin, in the Northwest, China. It has provided detailed information on the ecological fragility and its heavy dependence on the groundwater environment. The actual situation of different ecological systems in the same hidden condition is different and those of the same ecological system in different hidden conditions may be different in the lower reaches of Heihe River Basin that have been made clear after a large scaled field investigation (group 1, group 2 and group 3 of picture). The investigation shows that if the groundwater level is greater than 5 m in hidden depth, the eco environment of the Basin would be in degeneration. If the level lowers to less than 3 m in hidden depth, the environment would be in salinization in the Ejina Basin. The key to eco environment protection of the area is to keep balance between the hidden condition of the groundwater level and the surface water supply. For this purpose, the authors of this paper have put forward some strategies of sustainable water consumption of this Basin. In doing so, following measures are to be taken: (1) Keep doing the water resource institutional reforms; (2) Increase water resource investment and constant regulate price for water consumption so as to promote its sustainable utilization; (3) Do more field investigation of the ecological quality of the Basin for its sustainable development. Finally, it is essential for both the policy makers and the water consumers to realize the far reaching importance of balanced development between groundwater utilization and ecological environment for the future territory safety in the Northwest.