湿式氢气贮柜爆炸伤害效应预测

AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE CAUSES LEADING TO THE EXPLOSION OF THE WET-GAS HYDROGEN TANK

针对某动力公司工业用氢气贮柜发生的爆炸事故 ,建立了 30 0 m3湿式氢气贮柜爆炸的模型 ,给出了事故模型的初始条件 ,用内能法和 TNT当量法对爆炸伤害效应进行了预测。结果表明 ,对于 30 0 m3湿式氢气贮柜 ,在混入空气整体达爆炸上限和局部达爆炸上限两种情况下 ,氢气柜发生一次爆炸的最高爆炸温度分别为 1 637K和 1 1 2 0 K,最高爆炸超压分别为 5.43× 1 0 5Pa和 3.73× 1 0 5Pa,气柜腾空发生二次爆炸对周围环境的最大人体伤害半径分别为 46.8m和 49.7m,对房屋的最大损伤半径分别为 72 .5 m和 81 .6

The author of this article, the Institute of Disaster Prevention and Safety Technology, was entrusted to make an investigation into the causes leading to the explosion of the 300 m 3 wet gas hydrogen tank and assess the hazard of the hydrogen tank so as to work out essential measures to guarantee the safety of such tanks in the future. Based on the investigation of industrial gas storage systems produced in the power company, two kinds of combustion & explosion accidents that might happen to the 300 m 3 wet gas hydrogen tank in the power company are established. (1) When air penetrates into the H 2 tank. H 2 and O 2 will be continuously mixed up in the whole gas tank to the highest explosion limit of H 2. Then the explosion may come about in the gas tank once in touch with the ignition source. In such a case, under the action of the blast waves of the gas the jar would be blown up out of control with the blast of the vapor cloud of the surplus H 2 resulted. (2) When penetrating into the tank, O 2 in air will quickly be mixed with H 2, spreading and boosting the gas of H 2 in the jar to the verge of explosion. In such a critical moment, the explosion is most likely to come about under the impact of the action of ignition source. In the case of extremity, the bell jar may get blown up with an extra amount of H 2 blast in the form of evaporated cloud. In accordance with the statistic features of the explosion, it is generally regarded as the harmful effect indexes to be predicted when the maxim blast temperature reaches T with the maxim blast pressure being - P , the dead radius- R 1, the heavy injuries radius- R 2, while the light injury radius is R 3, the house damaged radius R 4 and the unlivable radius - R 5 . Given the primary conditions and calculation process, the detrimental effect forecast of combustion & explosion can be worked out by means of intrinsic energy evaluation method and TNT equivalence model. And finally theoretical basis and parameters are provided for the hap hazard assessment of combustion explosion of the 300 m 3 wet gas hydrogen tank. The results forecast can be applied to formulating emergency scheme and planning fire passageway by the power companies.