西部开发中的累积环境影响

Cumulative Environmental Impact in the Development of West China

本文首先分析了西部地区生态环境现状,指出西部生态环境十分脆弱,破坏严重。然后在介绍累积影响概念的基础上,结合累积影响的发生过程,对西部地区的开发建设项目以及它们对环境可能产生的累积影响进行具体分析,指出累积影响问题在西部大开发过程中是客观存在的,西部开发过程中必须重视累积影响的作用。最后文章提出了一系列对策和建议,包括加强对累积影响的研究、对开发项目进行累积影响评价(CIA)、强化环境管理和法律监督,以及加强关于生态环境的宣传教育等,以促进西部地区的可持续发展。

Firstly the paper introduces the present situation of West China's eco-environment, which is very fragile and has been greatly damaged. Then the concept and the process of cumulative environmental impact are examined. Different sorts of construction projects in the Western Region and their potential cumulative impacts on the regional eco-environment are analyzed in detail. A conclusion is drawn that cumulative environmental impact does objectively exist and should be taken into account during the course of developing the Western Region. Finally countermeasures are proposed as follows: researches on cumulative impact should be strengthened; cumulative impact assessment (CIA) should be done on exploitative projects; the management and legal system should be improved; and the environmental education should be widely popularized. All these measures aim at the sustainable development in West China.