某市36起毒蕈中毒事件调查

THE INVESTIGATION OF 36 ACCIDENTS BY POISONOUS MUSHROOM IN HUNAN.

目的 :了解长沙市毒蕈中毒发生情况 ,以预防类似事件的发生。方法 :统计了湖南省从 1994～ 2 0 0 0年的 36起毒蕈中毒事件 ,并测定了主要毒蕈的毒素含量。结果 :在中毒事件中 ,共有 2 10人食用 ,2 0 5人中毒 ,中毒率为 97.6 2 % ;83人死亡 ,死亡率为 39.5 2 %。引起中毒的主要毒蕈为 :灰花纹鹅膏、白毒鹅膏、鳞柄白毒鹅膏、亚稀褶黑菇。中毒多发生在6月至 8月。结论 :中毒原因主要是食用者缺乏对毒蕈的认识、中毒后死亡率高的原因是因为毒蕈含毒素量高、中毒后就诊确诊太晚和缺乏特效解毒药物。

Objective:To study the poisoning cases due to ingesting the poisonous mushrooms and to prevent the recurrence of such cases.Methods:Investigation of poisoning cases and analysis of poisonous mushrooms were made.Results:36 accidents by poisonous mushrooms are investigated in Hunan province from1994 to 2000,which led to 83 cases death the mortality reached 39.52%.All data in this survey were collected from reports and hospitals records. The mostly poisonous mushrooms in these cases were Amanita fuliginea,Amanita verna,Amanita virosa and Russula subnigricans.The rush hour in year was from June to August.The toxic content of Amanital fuliginea.Amanita verna and Amanita virosa were mensurated with RP-HPLC.Conclusion:The factors leading to high frequency and mortality included being short of information about the poisonous mushrooms,high toxins cotents,long diagnosing time and short of drugs with specially good effect.