覆膜对冬小麦穗分化进程的影响

The Effect on Spike Differentiation of Winter Wheat by Mulching Plastic Film

通过对 6个品种穗分化进程连续 2 a的研究表明 ,覆膜能显著加快冬小麦穗分化发育进程 ,其主茎伸长期和单棱期穗分化开始日期比露地小麦平均提前 6.5 d和 9.5 d,持续天数则相应缩短 2 .0 d和 6.1 d,二棱期分化开始日期比露地小麦提前 1 2 .0 d,持续天数延长 9.5 d;二棱期分化天数增加是地膜小麦形成大穗的主要原因。覆膜能缩短分蘖穗与主茎穗之间 (开始 )穗分化的差异天数 ,地膜小麦分蘖穗单棱期分化开始日期与主茎开始日期差异天数比露地小麦缩短 , 蘖平均缩短 2 .3 d, 蘖平均缩短 4.7d, 蘖平均缩短 1 6.2 d;地膜小麦分蘖穗的二棱期与露地小麦分蘖穗的二棱期相比 , 蘖比露地小麦缩短 2 .9d, 蘖缩短 4.5 d, 蘖缩短 1 0 .0 d。覆膜缩小了分蘖穗与主茎穗之间的差异 。

The spike differentiation and development of six wheat varieties was studied for two years. The results showed that mulching plastic film can accelerate the procedure of spike differentiation. The elongation date and double ridge date of mulching are 6.5 days and 9.5 days earlier than that of drilling while their duration shorten 2.0 days and 6.1 days. The double ridge date of main spike by mulching are earlier 12.0 days earlier than that of drilling while its duration lengthen 9.0 days. The differentiation regular of tiller spike is simliar to that of main spike. Mulching plastic film can shorten the days of spike differentiation between tiller spike and main spike.