北美白云杉、黑云杉在中国的引种研究

A Study on Introduction of Picea glauca and Picea mariana in China

云杉属 (Picea)树种是高大乔木 ,生态适应性强 ,利用价值高 ,近 2 0 0年来欧、亚、美作了大量的引种栽培工作。很多国家已将它们作为主要的造林树种和珍贵的绿化观赏树种 ,因此研究云杉属的引种 ,对促进林业生产和国民经济发展 ,具有重要意义。主要探讨了北美最重要的用材树种白云杉、黑云杉在国外的研究现状及发展趋势以及在我国的引种可能性、引种历史、现状、存在的问题及展望 ,以期对今后的引种。

The species in genus Picea are tall arbores with good ecological adaptability and economic values.In the recent 200 years,Europe,Asia and America have done much on their introduction and cultivation.Now many countries have listed these species as important planting trees and ornamental trees .It is significant to research on the introduction of genus Picea spruce ,because it will prompt the development of forestry and economy.This paper focuses on the research status and trends in foreign countries ,the possibility of introduction in China ,the history of introduction ,present status ,problems and future of Picea glauca and Picea mariana,which are two of the most important timber trees in America.It will provide scientific base for their introduction, naturlization and amelioration in the future.