地方猪种对纤维饲料利用的研究Ⅰ.纤维饲料对生产性能和背膘厚度的影响

UTILIZATION OF FIBROUS MATERIALS BY THE INDIGENOUS BREED OF PIGS (NORTHEAST MIN PIG) I . EFFECTS OF DIETARY FIBRE ON PERFORMANCE AND BACKFAT THICKNESS

本试验以7％或14％的稻壳和18％或36％的米糠替代等比例玉米-豆饼基础饲粮中的玉米,研究纤维饲粮对30～80千克东北民猪(以下简称民猪)的生长及背膘厚度的影响。经研究表明饲粮稻谷副产品来源的NDF含量达到10％时,民猪的日增重明显受到影响,且随饲粮NDF的升高呈线性降低,干物质采食量随饲粮NDF的变化增加不明显,民猪消化能采食量略有下降,饲料效率随饲粮NDF的升高而变差。民猪生长慢的原因,除受其固有基因型支配外,采食量小是影响其增重的关键因素。提高饲粮NDF水平影响猪固有生长潜力的发挥。中、高NDF水平下,民猪的背膘较对照杂种猪薄,降低饲粮能量浓度可获得较瘦的胴体。

Thirty barrows of each geuetype of indigenous breed(Northeast Min pig) and crossbred(L × D × HW) weaned at 60 days were selected from the college farm and used to study effects of high fibre level in diets on performence and backfat thickness. Ten animals per pen were randomly assigned to one of diets containing 0, 10 or 20% NDF from the rice bran and rice hull.Results were as follows. Average daily gain for the Min pig was significantly influenced by 10% level of NDF from rice byproduct and linearly reduced with the increase of NDF in diets. As level of NDF in diets increased, dry matter intake increased, while DE intake and feed efficiency decreased. In all cases, feed efficiency for the Min pig was slightly better than that for the control. DE intake for the Min pig was reduced to lesser extent. Analysis of growth parameters revealed that intrinsic growth potency of pigs was affected by high level of fibre in diets. Backfat thickness was negatively related with the amount of NDF in diets. On the same level of NDF, backfat measurements for the Min Pig was smaller than those for the control.