马尔库塞的社会文化批判观

On Marcuse's Critical Outlook of Social Culture

马尔库塞作为西方社会的批判者 ,以其独到的眼光看到了资产阶级不仅在物质领域占有统治地位 ,更重要的是他看到了资产阶级已把统治延伸到文化领域。由此 ,他把马克思的批判理论重心从经济、政治领域转移到大众文化、哲学、意识形态领域中 ,力图通过批判资产阶级的大众文化、意识形态、哲学的统治 ,以达到争取恢复无产阶级的阶级意识和实现人的“普遍本质”的目的。我们在运用马尔库塞的理论考察我国文化时 ,应注意我国的国情和特殊的文化背景防止错误地运用其理论。

As a critic of the western society,Marcuse found that the bourgeoisie not only occupy a dominant position in the field of matter, but also extended its domination to the field of culture.He shifted the core of Marxist critical theories from the field of economy and politics to the field of mass culture, philosophy and ideology.He criticized bourgeois domination in the field of mass culture,ideology and philosophy,with a view to recovering proletarian consciousness and achieving humans's 'Universal nature'.When we analyze the culture of our country by the view of Marcuse,we should take national conditions of our country and special cultural background into account,in order to avoid applying Marcuse's theory by mistake.