酶膜反应器研究和应用进展

Progress in Research and Application of Enzyme Membrane Reactors

酶膜反应器把酶促反应的专一性和膜分离过程的高效性交叉融合 ,以创造出有利的过程热力学和动力学 ,因而具有反应和传质速率快、条件温和、选择性高、易于连续化和自动化、操作费和设备费节约等主要特点。本文概述了酶膜反应器的特点及其分类 ,介绍了酶膜反应器在有机相酶催化、手性拆分与手性合成、反胶团中的酶催化、辅酶或辅助因子的再生、生物大分子的分解等领域的应用。讨论了酶膜反应器目前存在的一些瓶颈问题及其解决办法 ,同时对酶膜反应器的发展趋势进行了展望。

Enzyme membrane reactor can create favorable thermodynamics and kinetics by combining the high selectivity of enzymatic reaction and high efficiency of membrane separation process,and thus possesses the following main features: high reaction and mass transfer rates,mild reaction conditions,high selectivity,and smooth continuous operation and automation,low operation and equipment cost.The distinct features and different classification of enzyme membrane reactor were generally described,and some application fields such as catalysis in organic solvents,chiral resolution and chiral synthesis,enzymatic catalysis in reversed micelle,regeneration of coenzyme or cofactor,degradation of biomacromolecules,were exemplified.The current bottleneck problems and the corresponding solution approaches were discussed and a brief outlook of the developing tendency of enzyme membrane reactor was given.