甲氰菊酯与阿维菌素单用、轮用和混用对朱砂叶螨抗性进化的影响

CONTINUOUS,ALTERNATING,AND MIXED ACARICIDES AFFECT DEVELOPMENT OF RESISTANCE IN THE TETRANYCHUS CINNABARINUS (BOIDUVAL)

应用数量遗传学的方法分析朱砂叶螨(Tetranychus cinnabarinus)实验种群对甲氰菊酯、阿维菌素及其混剂甲氰—阿维(甲氰菊酯:阿维菌素=8.9:0.1,m/m)的抗性现实遗传力,并测定了甲氰菊酯、阿维菌素分别连续单用、轮换使用、混合使用对朱砂叶螨抗性进化的影响。结果表明,筛选16代后,朱砂叶螨对甲氰菊酯、阿维菌素和甲氰—阿维的抗性现实遗传力分别为0.2853、0.1695和0.0804,朱砂叶螨对混剂的抗性现实遗传力低于对2个单剂的遗传力的一半,混用延缓抗性的效果将好于轮用。药剂连续单用、轮换使用和混合使用16代,朱砂叶螨对甲氰菊酯的抗性分别为28.52、28.03和10.81倍,对阿维菌素的抗性分别为3.24、2.82和1.41倍。朱砂叶螨对2种杀螨剂抗性进化速率为单用>轮用>混用,抗性测定结果表明甲氰菊酯与阿维菌素混用能有效延缓朱砂叶螨对2种药剂抗性的发展速率。

Threshold trait analysis is applied to estimate realized heritability (h2) of resistance to methrin, abamectin and methrin-abamectin (methrin: abamectin = 8. 9:0.1,m/m) mixture in Tetranychus cinnabarinus. The h2 of resistance to methrin, abamectin and methrin-abamectin are 0. 2853,0. 1695 and 0. 0804,respectively. The population's h2 of resistance to the mixture is less than half of the mean of the population's h2 of resistance to the two individual components of the mixture,so the mixture is expected to be more durable than the sequence of two acaricides. After methrin and abamectin continuous, alternating and mixed using 16 generations, resistance folds of Tetrangchus cinnabarinus to methrin are 28. 52,28. 03 and 10. 81 folds,to abamectin are 3. 24,2. 82 and 1. 41 folds respectively. It confirms that mixed using methrin and abamectin retarding resistance development is more effective than sequenced using them.