561名近海石油作业人员精神健康调查

An investigation of mental health status among 561 employees of offshore oil production

目的 探讨近海石油作业人员社会心理因素与作业人员精神健康的关系。方法 采用横断面设计 ,自填式问卷 ,对 5 6 1名海上平台作业人员进行调查。调查内容包括 :职业紧张 ,A型行为性格 ,社会支持 ,应对措施和精神健康状况 (用 GHQ- 12测量 )。结果 5 6 1人的 GHQ平均得分为 [10 .17±4 .97(0～ 34) ]分。按 GHQ- 12判别标准 ,16 5人 (2 9.4 % )被确认为“精神状况差”。控制年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、海上工作年限和工种潜在混杂因素后 ,L ogistic回归分析表明 :“精神状况差”的危险因素是“没有耐心 /难于控制”趋向于 A型行为性格 ,并感受以下 7个与近海石油生产有较高关系的职业紧张因子。这 7个职业紧张因子是“工作与家庭 /社会生活”、“仕途与成就”、“人身安全感”、“工作中的管理问题及同事间的关系”、“工作环境中的物理因素”、“人体工效因素”和“组织结构”。

Objective To explore the association between socio psychological factors and mental health among offshore oil workers. Methods A cross sectional survey was conducted among 561 Chinese offshore oil workers. They were inquired with a self administered questionnaire involving in socio demographic characteristics, occupational stress, type A behaviour personnel, social support, coping style, and mental health status measured with GHQ 12. Results Average score of 561 Chinese off shore oil workers was 10.17±4.97,(ranged from 0 to 34). Based on the criterion of GHQ 12,165 (24.9%) workers were regarded as 'mental ill health'. After adjusting for age, educational level, marriage status, duration of offshore work and job title, Logistic regression indicated that the 'impatience/hard driving' of type A behaviour personality, and the seven of the nine sources identified in this research were risk factors of 'mental ill health'. These seven sources were highly perceived stress from 'interface between job and family/social life','career and achievement','safety','management problem and relationship with others at work','physical environment of workplace','ergonomics' and 'organizational structure'. Conclusions Reducing or eliminating occupational stressors in workplace was benefit to the promotion of mental health among offshore oil workers.