总辐射表性能的测试研究

CHARACTERISTICS INVESTIGATION FOR PYRANOMETERS

根据WMO和ISO关于总辐射表的性能指标 ,对我国气象观测台站使用的总辐射表 (型号为DFY4和TBQ 2 )进行了全面的性能测试。主要研究了灵敏度和长期稳定性 ,以及非线性、温度特性、余弦响应、方位响应、倾斜响应、时间响应、零位漂移等对灵敏度的影响。通过大量的实验数据和分析研究 ,得出了总辐射表测量误差的主要来源 ,这对于控制仪器质量 ,提高太阳总辐射测量的准确度以及对太阳辐射的研究是非常有益的。

The characteristics of two models of pyranometer (model DFY4 and model TBQ-2, made in China) were tested. The characteristics of long-term stability of sensitivity, nonlinearity, temperature dependence, direction response (cosine and azimuth), tilt effect and response time were investigated. Sensitivity and response time were tested in outdoor exposure and others were tested on the laboratory test facility for solar radiation instrument. Model PSP pyranometer made by EPPLEY laboratory of USA was used as a reference. Main errors of the domestic models pyranometer was concluded according to a great deal of test data and analyses. The results are very useful for observation and study of solar radiation.