电机转矩转速测量方法的分析

Research on the measurement of motor's torque and rotational speed

电机的转矩和转速是最重要的两个参数 ,对它们的测量必须准确。根据用户提出的测量航空电机具体要求 ,本文分析了转矩和转速的测量原理 ,指出了采用应变式和光电式传感器构成测量仪更适合测量大转矩、高转速电机。虽然与传统的测量方法一致 ,但经过理论分析 ,得出了这种测量方式机械结构影响测量稳定性的原因 ,即传动轴受减速器齿轮啮合力作用产生的弯曲应变和结构谐振对测量精度影响最大。本文通过精确的计算 ,充分地考虑了机械结构对测量稳定性的影响 ,提出了选择转矩传感器及转速传感器的基本原理与方法。据此 ,在所研制的电机测量仪中 ,大大地提高了测量精度 ,并有效地减小了测量仪的体积和重量 。

The torque ancd rotational speed of a motor are the most important two parameters ,their measurement must be accurate.According to the requirements to the measurement aviation motor by the user,this paper analyzes the measurement principles of torque and rotational speed,and points out that the measuring apparatus composed of optoelectric sensors is more suitable for measuring heavy torque and high rotational speed. Through analysis the reasons influencing measuring stability have been found out, which are the flexure strain and structure resonance produced by the transmission axle under the function of the gearing-in force of the reduction gear.This paper,through accurate calculation,takes account of the effects of the mechanical structure on the measuring stability and gives the basic principles and method of choosing the torque sensor and rotational speed sensor.Besides,the measuring accuracy of the apparatus has been considerably increased, the size made smaller, and weight lost,so that they are fit for a viation use.