长寿命冲击凿岩钎杆——工业炸药和凿岩机发明后困扰世界采掘工业的百年难题

LONG SERVICE LIFE PERCOSSIVE ROCK DRILLING RODS

150年前瑞典诺贝尔父子继中国火药之后,发明硝化甘油胶质炸药用于修路与采矿,引发了导致社会财富高速增长的“真正意义的工业革命”。1923年德国施律泰尔发明WC-Co硬质合金,迅速形成硬质合金切削刃具和硬质合金凿岩钎具两大产业,使机械和采掘工业飞速发展,被誉为“工业的牙齿”。迄今,现代化的凿岩爆破技术,已成为人类向岩石圈索取资源和向地下开拓生存与发展空间的主要手段。其中,用在岩矿石中冲击凿孔的凿岩钎杆,是人类所有机械工具中受力条件最苛刻、使用寿命最短、基础工业必备、技术含量很高的大量消耗性工具。研制长寿命冲击凿岩钎杆,已成为全球采掘工业高效、低耗凿岩必须解决的新世纪重大工程技术难题。这需要凿岩、爆破、岩石破碎、矿业、材料、冶金、钢铁、机械、物理、化工、电子、数学、力学、生物（仿生）等各方面专家的长期通力合作。建设以新型“硬质合金钎具”和“长寿命冲击凿岩钎杆”为标志的有中国特色的现代化凿岩钎具工业,是我国新一代“资源-高科技-外向型”民族工业一个具有战略意义的新的生长点。

The industrial evolution in true meaning which mounts up the social wealth in super-speed , derived from the Nobel' s invention on industrial explosives, used for constructing roads and mining 150 years ago. Cemented carbide which is known as the teeth of industry, was invented by Germany in 1923 and used in excavating after world war Ⅱ. Today, the drilling blasting technologies have become the main means of getting resources and developing underground spales. Amony the machinery tools, rock drilling steels have the strictest condition for receiving pressure, the shortest life-span and the freatest consumption in the development of different infrastructure. The research of long service life rock-drill steels has become a great technique problem striding centuries, which puzzles the high efficiency and low consumption excavating.It needs the cooperation of experts come from excavating, blasting, mining, metallurgy , materical, iron and steel. machinery, electronics, chemistry, physics mathematics and mechanics etc. the building of Chinese characteristic modern rock drilling tools industry which include the insert and button complex-type rock drilling tools and long service life percussive rock drilling rods, is a new strategical developing scope of nesources-high technology-exporting national industry.