深海油气地震勘探进展和展望

Advance and Prospect of Deepwater Hydrocarbon Exploration

20世纪 90年代后期以来 ,随着深海技术的进步 ,寻找新型大油气田的成功率明显上升 ,深海勘探进入了一个新的纪元 .本文较为详尽的综述了近几年国外在深海石油地震勘探中的关键技术和新发现 ,主要包括 :(1)似地震反射面勘探技术探测天然气水合物 ,(2 )混合地震反演技术 ,(3)区域多次二维叠前深度偏移技术 ,(4)地震和地质力学方法 ,(5 )近偏移距压制多次波 .在将来的 10年 ,国外深海作业的一些领域如电子油田、钻探成像、实时深度成像、多分量成像、环境和灾害分析。

Since late 90's, with the new techniques developed for deepwater hydrocarbon exploration and development and some major successful discoveries, the oil industry is quickly getting into deepwater. This paper summarizes the key techniques and discoveries in deepwater hydrocarbon seismic prospecting including (1) bottom simulating reflector (BSR) represented the base of hydrate, (2) hybrid seismic inversion, (3) regional multi 2D prestack depth migration, (4) seismic and geomechanical methods and (5) near offset range multiple suppression. Several areas will make a significant impact in next 10 years, such as electric oil field, imaging while drilling, real time depth imaging, multicomponent imaging, environment and hazard analysis, and ocean sensor arrays for meta ocean studies.