福建省鼠伤寒沙门菌病原学特征研究

Study on Pathogenic Features of Salmonella Typhimurium in Fujian,china

[目的 ]了解福建省鼠伤寒沙门菌 (鼠伤寒菌 )的病原学特征及其流行病学意义。 [方法 ]采用噬菌体分型、质粒谱分析、耐药性测定、R质粒检测与消除和致病因子检测等方法 ,对福建省 1980 - 1995年间不同地区与来源 (人、动物、食品、外环境等 )的鼠伤寒菌进行研究分析。 [结果 ]鼠伤寒菌可分为 2 0个噬菌体型 ,其中 7774与 3774等 7个型是优势型 (89.6 % ) ;并检出 10种质粒 ,可分成 13个质粒谱型 ,6 0 Md质粒是流行性质粒 ,质粒谱 型、 型、 型和 型为优势质粒谱型 (85 .7% )。不同年段与不同来源菌株的噬菌体流行型别组成互不相同 ,从而构成各自特有的流行型别。鼠伤寒菌耐药率逐年大幅度上升 ,耐药谱及多耐菌株亦逐年剧增。氟喹诺酮、头孢菌素和丁胺卡那霉素是治疗严重耐药菌的敏感药物 ;尤其是氟哌酸 ,既可治疗严重耐药菌感染 ,又可一定程度消除耐药性质粒。鼠伤寒菌的多重耐药性主要由 R质粒介导 ;致病因子有内毒素、外毒素和侵袭性 ;生化及抗原变种株也可引起食物中毒、医院感染及感染性腹泻的流行。[结论 ]噬菌体分型、质粒谱分析、耐药性测定、R质粒、致病因子和生物变种检测等是监测鼠伤寒菌病原学特征的有效方法。

To explore pathogenic features of S typhimurium in Fujian and the epidemiological significance To study features of the strains isolated from different areas and sources (persons,animals,food,environment etc) in Fujian (1980-1995), by means of phagetyping, plasmid pattern analyzing, drug resistance testing, R plasmid detecting and eliminating, and pathogenic factors detecting assays The strains in Fujian could be classified into 20 phagetypes, among which 7774 and 3774 etc were predominant (89 6%) 10 plasmids were detected and they could be classified into 13 plasmid patterns,among which 60 Md plasmid was epidemic plasmid, and patternⅠ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅵ were predominant patterns (85 7%) The epidemic phagetypes of strains in different years and sources were different, so special epidemic phagetypes were formed The drug resistance rate and patterns and numbers of multiple drug resistance strains increased greatly Quinolones, cephalosporium and amikacin were sensitive to the strains especially norfloxacin It can be used to treat the infection by the strains with serious drug resistance and eliminate the drug resistance plasmids in some degree The multiple drug resistance of strains was mainly mediated by R plasmid The endotoxin, exotoxin and invasiveness were the pathogenic factors The food poisoning, hospital infection and infectious diarrhea could be caused by biochemical and antigenic variants too [Conclusion] The phagetyping, plasmid pattern analyzing, drug resistant testing, R plasmid detecting, pathogenic factors and bio variant detecting are effective methods in surveillance of S typhimurium