锻造毛坯形状优化设计的研究

Research on the shape optimization of billet in metal forging process

近几年来 ,锻造形状优化得到了众多学者的关注。本文对单工序锻造问题的毛坯形状优化进行了研究。以毛坯高径比为优化设计变量 ,目标函数取为实际锻件超出预定理想直线部分的体积 ,以黄金分割法进行优化迭代 ,给出了目标函数的表示方法及计算表达式。并对一典型的轴对称H型锻件的毛坯形状进行了优化设计 。

Shape optimization used in forging process is a focus point during the recent years,many research works have been made in this aspect. In this paper, a research work aimed to optimize the shape of billet of 2-dimensional forging is proceeded. The ratio of height to diameter of the cylindrical billet is taken as the optimal design variables. The volume of the part that is exceeded out the predetermined desired line is taken as the objective function. The expression of the objective function is given in detail. As there is only one optimal design variable-the ratio of height to diameter, the golden section method is used as the optimization tool. Using this method, the shape of the billet of a typical axisymmetric H-shaped forging process is optimized. The optimal results show that optimizing the billet shape is very useful and can get a satisfied result.