言语行为中俄语动词的指示功能

Deitic Function of the Russian Verb in Verbal Behaviour

任何言语行为中都存在着三种基本指示 ,即任何言语行为都不可能超越时间、空间和言语行为参加者这三个要素。可以做指示词语的词汇手段是很多的 ,例如时间副词、地点副词、人称代词等。除此之外 ,俄语动词陈述式的现在时、过去时和将来时形式以及命令式形式也是典型的具有指示作用的词法手段。俄语动词具有时间、地点。

In a given speech act of any language, there exist three basic aspects of deixis, i.e.the speech act can not go beyond the three aspects of time, space and the participants of the speech act. Among the many different kinds of deictic expressions are temporal adverbs, spatial adverbs and personal pronouns. In Russian, verb forms of the present, past and future declaratives and of the imperative are typical lexical means that have deictic function. Russian verbs possess the three essential deictic functions, namely, that of the personal,spatial and temporal.