荀卿在赋体文学史中地位的再检讨

A Critique of Xun Qing's Status in the History of "Fu"Genre

荀卿是最早写赋的人之一。赋体文学史中,荀卿处于什么样的地位,始终是个备受关注的问题。班固以来,由于“尊经崇儒”观念的影响,人们一直把荀卿奉为赋体之祖。至清代,又有学者提出南、北赋论,认为荀卿开北赋一派。此外,荀卿还被认为是最早“以赋名篇”的人。但事实上,荀卿应是在入楚后受楚风影响才作赋,其时已晚于宋玉、更晚于屈原,其赋难以独立为北赋一体,其人也不可视为赋体之祖。

Xun Qing is one of the earliest wirters of'Fu'.His status in the hi story of'Fu'genre is ambiguous and under constant discussion.Xun was considered the antesessor of'Fu'genre ever since Ban Gu who first assigned him the title.In Qing Dynasty,'Fu'was categorized into the Southern School and Northern School,and Xun was acknowledged as the antecessor of the Northern School.Moreover,it was believed that Xun was the first writer to include the character'Fu'in the title.My research reveals,however,that Xun did not engage in the writing of'Fu'until he moved to Chu kingdom,and that he began to write'Fu'under the literary influence of Chu.Chronologically,he was later than Qu Yuan and Song Yu.Obviou sly,Xun could not be the antecessor of the Northern School,let alone that of the genre.