西方沉默权比较研究

A Comparative Study of the Right to Remain Silent in the West

沉默权 ,从学理上又称反对自我归罪的特权 ,最早始于英国 ,后又在美国推行 ,并波及欧洲诸国 ,以及我国香港、台湾地区 ;现在国际文件都有规定。西方沉默权是一项自然权利、是一项人权、是一项“不说话”权利、是一项实施无罪推定的权利。对沉默权学者有不同见解 :有的认为它不利于打击犯罪 ;有的认为取消之必然不符合宪法。西方沉默权引入我国 ,争论已久 ,有的主张引入 ,有的反对引入 。

The right to remain silent, also known as the anti self inflicted privilege, originated in Britain, and later spread to the USA, European countries, Hong Kong and Taiwan. It has been specified in international documents. The right to remain silent is a natural right, a human right and a right involving presumption of innocence.