深圳市福田区1993～2000年中小学生营养状况

A Longitudinal Study on Nutritional Status of Primary and Secondary School Students,1993～2000,Futian District of Shenzhen City

目的 了解深圳市福田区中小学生营养状况动态变化。方法 对该区 1 993～ 2 0 0 0年 8年间中小学生营养状况进行动态分析。结果 中小学生 8年间营养不良率平均为 3 .1 6 % ,以轻度营养不良为主 (92 .31 % ) ,且呈逐年下降趋势 ;而肥胖率平均为 1 0 .91 % ,呈逐年上升趋势。男生中、重度及轻度营养不良率均显著低于女生 (χ2 分别为 58.49、2 69.47,P值均小于 0 .0 0 5) ;超重及肥胖男生均显著高于女生 (χ2 分别为 87.67、472 .1 8,P值均小于 0 .0 0 5)。学生营养不良率高峰出现在小学高年级及初中低年级 ,而肥胖率高峰出现在高中阶段。结论 深圳市福田区中小学生营养状况问题不容忽视。

Objective To realize the dynamic change in nutritional status of primary and middle school students in Futian district of Shenzhen city. Methods An eight-year longitudinal study was performed on nutritional status of primary and secondary school students from 1993 to 2000 in Futian district of Shenzhen city. Results The average prevalence rate of malnutrition from 1993 to 2000 was 3.16%, which was mainly slight malnutrition (92.31%), the rate decreased year by year. The average prevalence rate of obesity was 10.91 % with an increasing trend yearly. The rates of moderate and severe malnutrition, and mild malnutrition in males were significantly lower than those in females (χ 2=58.49 and 269.47, both P <0.005), while the males had higher rates of overweight and obesity than female significantly (χ 2=87.67 and 472.18, both P <0.005). The peak of the students' malnutrition (slight and middle & severe malnutrition) appeared at grades five or six in primary school and grades one or two in junior middle school, while the peak of the obesity (overweight and obesity) appeared in senior middle school. Conclusions The nutrition problems of the students in Futian district of Shenzhen city dot not allowed ignoring.