全身放松法对新兵集训期身心反应的影响

Effects of Relaxation on Psychosomatic Reaction of Recruits to Military Training

目的 :研究全身放松兼自我意象训练法对新兵集训期身心反应和心理健康的影响 ,为其心理卫生改善提供科学措施。方法 :选择两个生活与训练相同的新兵连队 ,其中一个连队为对照组 (n =76) ,另一连队为实施全身放松兼自我意象训练的实验组 (n =76)。全身放松每天进行约 2 0min ,实验期持续 2 5个月。于实验期前、后 ,采用症状自评量表 (SCL -90 )测试两组受试者的心身反应状况 ,并评价全身放松的作用效果。结果 :对照组新兵在集训后期的SCL -90阳性项目数由实验前 3 3 0± 18 40增至 42 4± 16 60 ,其中躯体化、抑郁、焦虑等 5项因子分值 ,均显著性高于实验前。全身放松实验组在实验期后 ,其SCL -90的人际关系敏感、抑郁等 5项因子分值 ,均显著性低于实验前 ,且阳性项目数、总均分 ,以及躯体化、人际关系敏感、抑郁等 6项因子分值 ,均显著性低于对照组实验后的相应值 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :新兵集训后期因多种应激因素作用 ,其心身反应增多加重 ,心理健康水平下降 ;全身放松法能有效改善新兵应激适应期的多种心身反应和紧张状态 ,增强其对新环境的适应能力 。

Objective: To study the effects of relaxation on psychosomatic Reaction of recruits to military training Method:Two companies of recruits with similar background were selected, one as the study group (n=76) receiving relaxation training and self-image 20 min/day during the 2 5 months of military training, the other as control (n=76) SCL-90 was used to assess the results by testing before and after training Results:In control group, the positive number of SCL-90 increased from 33±18 to 42±17 after military training, with the subscores of somatization, depression and anxiety increased significantly In study group, the positive number remained in the same level (36±17/31±15,P>0 05), with the subscores of interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility and phobia decreased significantly There was no significant difference between the two groups before military training After that, the positive number, total score and subscores of somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, depression, hostility and paranoia of study group were significantly lower than the counterparts of control Conclusion:Relaxation training can help recruits to copy with the stress of military training