“西学东渐”的传播学研究

A Broadcasting Study of "the Defuse of Western Cultures into China

在整个世界大文化的发展进程中 ,各子系统之间常常不同步也不均衡。正是这种不同步与不均衡导致了系统间与系统内的交流与碰撞。16世纪以后 ,中国的文化体系面临整个世界大文化的全面挑战 ,因而不得不通过长期的痛苦的心理调适和思想转轨 ,才能最终完成更新观念 ,改造落后而顽固的传统文化。五四新文化运动引入“西学”以改造“中学” ,从西方文化中寻求民族文化的新出路 ,已成为新文化传播者们的共同方向和一致行动。传统文化的权威性至此已彻底动摇 ,有人甚至公开主张“全盘西化”。鲁迅代表着中国民族文化的方向 ,他的“别求新声于异邦” ,实际上成了五四新文化运动的一个根本的文化选择原则。西方的文化体系由此渐渐全面侵入中国文化的机体。

In the developmental process of global culture, the subsystems remain in non-equilibrium and simultaneousness, which lead to the exchanges and clashes in between. Since the 16th century, the Chinese cultural system has been faced up with all-round challenges from the world culture. Through the long and painful psychological adjustment and transfer in ideology, China, has been able to accomplish the process of renewing ideology and renovating the backward and bigotry traditional culture. The launch of the May 4th Neo-culture Movement, the introduction of western cultures to improve the Chinese culture studies and the seeking of the outlet for national culture from the western cultures has been what the neo-culture broadcasters are after and are striving for. Hence, the authoritative status of the traditional culture is greatly challenged and even 'Global westernization' was publicly advocated. Lu Xun represents the trend of the Chinese traditional culture and his idea of 'turning to aliens for outlet' has become the principle of cultural choice in the May 4th Neo-cultural Movement. Hitherto, the western cultural system permeates the organisms of the Chinese culture.