经小脑延髓池注射内毒素致家兔实验性脑水肿模型的研制

Establishment of brainedma model via intraventricular endotoxin injection in rabbits

目的 经家兔小脑延髓池注射内毒素 ,制作类似临床所见的严重感染及毒血症导致的急性脑水肿模型 ,用于感染性脑水肿的实验研究。方法 选择 35只新西兰白兔 ,分为内毒素组 (30只 )和对照组 (5只 )。内毒素组于小脑延髓池内注射内毒素 10 0 μg/kg ,对照组注入等量灭菌纯水。分批于注射后 3h、6h、12h、2 4h、4 8h、72h处死家兔 ,留取脑组织 ,采用光镜和透射电镜观察脑组织的形态学改变 ,并测定脑组织的含水量。结果 注射内毒素后 3h ,脑组织含水量即升高 ,6～ 4 8h时明显高于对照组 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1) ,2 4h时脑含水量达峰值。光镜和电镜可观察到注射内毒素 6～ 2 4h后脑组织病变最严重。其中 2只兔在注射过程中出现意外损伤。结论 经小脑延髓池注射内毒素建立家兔实验性脑水肿模型简单、可靠、安全、适用 。

Objective To establish an animal model of brainedma induced by intraventricular endotoxin via injection in rabbits. Methods Thirty five New Zealand white rabbits were assigned to study. 100μg endotoxin per every 1 kg body weight was injected intraventricarlly in 30 rabbits and the same volume of pure water was injected intraventricarlly in 5 rabbits as control. Histological changes of brain tissue (hippocampus area) were detected by normal and electrical microscopy 3 h、6 h、12 h、24 h、48 h and 72 h after endotoxin injection, and brain water content were measured by drying method. Results Brain water levels in the rabbits after 6～48 h endotoxin injection were significantly higher( P <0.05 or P <0.01), and reached a peak level 24 hours after injection. Abnormal histological changes were observed and severe pathological findings occurred in 6～24 h after endotoxin injection. Two rabbits were accidentally injured during the injection. Conclusion The rabbit brainedma model induced by endotoxin via intraventricular injection was safe and reliable,which is an ideal model for experimental study of brainedma during infection.