“人性”新探

New Exploration of Human Nature

人性问题的提出乃源自人“形而上”的思维倾向，人性是什么？人性如何？古今中外人们对此作了不同的定义和界说：中西人性论有着各自的路径、内容以及对社会文化的影响；中国当前则有“社会属性说”、“两性说”、“共同本性说”三种主要的人性论。总结中西人性探究的理论得失．可知合理之人性探究应遵循的若干基本规则或前提。而人性的新的理论界说可以为：追求生存优越。

The subject of human nature comes from the man's metaphysical tendency of thinking. What andhow is human nature? People of different times and countries respond with different definitions and explana-tions. This article studies firstly the main contents of Chinese and foreign human nature theory and analyses itsinfIuence on social literature. Secondly, it analyses three Chinese current human nature theories, i. e., the 'so-ciety attribute theory', 'bisexual theory' and 'common nature theory'. Then, upon summarizing the lessons ofthe success and failure of Chinese and Western human nature research, this article puts forward some basic rulesor preconditions that should be obeyed when studying human nature. At last, it puts forward the new doctrineof human nature: pursuing preponderance of existence.