略论日德刑法理论中的注意义务

Brief on the Atention Obligation about Penal Laws of Japan and German

注意义务作为犯罪过失的核心要素 ,在日德两国百余年的刑法发展中论争甚烈。注意义务的内容是仅包括结果预见义务 ,还是包括结果回避义务 ,甚还包括赋予动机义务 ;是仅为责任要素、抑或是违法要素或构成要件要素 ;其性质、根据和判断标准及其在犯罪论体系中的地位 。

As the essential element of criminal negligence, obligation of attention has been seriously disputed during the development of penal law for more than one hundred years in Japan and German.. The main contents this paper discusses are that the obligation of attention only includes the obligation of the foresighted result, or the obligation of the avoidable result, or even the obligation of the bestowal intention? the essential element of responsibility alone, or the illegal element, or even the element that constructs the case? the property, basis,judging standard and the position in the crime-making system.