论“人的可能”与教育

On Person's Probability and Education

人的存在在本质上说实际上是一种可能性存在 ,人的可能性存在是人的存在的基本形式之一。一切的教育努力归根结蒂都是建立在人的可能之上并且为了实现人的更大可能 ,扩大和丰富人的可能既是教育的逻辑起点也是教育的最终归宿。人的可能发展受到来自两方面力量的作用 ,一曰外在力量 ,一曰内在力量。以往我们的学校教育更多关注地是影响人的可能发展的外在力量 ,强调教师、学校、环境以及其他社会条件和技术手段对人的可能发展的影响 ,而较少深入系统地研究影响人的可能发展的内在力量即人在可能发展中的自我塑造的力量。为此 ,要对以往的教育理论进行改造。真正的教育应是面向生活世界的教育 。

All Kinds of education till now is based on person's probability.It is self-evident that in the education the objective is reasonable and perfect, However, in spite of the reasonablness and perfection, education encounters kinds of challenges from the educated person when it is applied and operated: person's probability could not always be fulfilled really and what's more unfortunate is that some requirement put forward to extend and fulfill person's probability, to some degree, apted to restrain them. Referring to person's probability, both discussion of the research fellows and the recognitions among the present education theory and practice have several aspects of deficiencies: Firstly, they didn't make out the complexness,richness and variability of person's probability; Secondly, they didn't analyse deeply the interior drive in person's probability; Thirdly, they payed no attention to educated person's subjective expenience, and regarded person's probability only as the probability that a person could be moldable; Lastly, they conceived of the construction of the definite,concrete objective as the unique aim of education.