从陆机诗赋论看其诗学赋学思想价值——兼论诗赋理论研究的思维模式与方法

Surveying the Ideological Value in LU Ji's Studies on Poetry and Fu -- Also Discussing Modes of Thinking and Methods of Researching into Theories on Poetry and Fu

反思 2 0世纪重诗轻赋或诗、赋混同的固有思维模式与研究方法 ,以客观、准确地认识陆机诗论与赋论二者的辩证关系为探讨问题的根本前提 ,可以得出如下结论 :陆机分论“诗缘情而绮靡”、“赋体物而浏亮” ,是在曹丕并论“诗赋欲丽”基础上迈进了一大步 ,既是太康诗、赋革新的理论宣言 ,也是太康诗、赋文体观念进步的重要标志。陆机在中国诗学史上第一次揭示诗歌在文学众体中“缘情”功能最为突出 ,追求“绮靡”的诗学思想 ,开辟了太康诗歌“缘情”新时代 ;在中国赋学史上第一次明确提出赋以“体物”为本 ,特重“浏亮”的赋学思想 ,从理论上正式宣告了汉大赋时代的终结 ,开辟了太康赋理论与创作的新时代。陆机诗、赋论都具有重要价值 ,不当厚此薄彼。朱自清先生并重陆机诗赋论的相关论述 ,也有待拓展。

LU Ji is the first poet in the history of the Chinese poetry and fu writing who definitely develops what is useful and discards what is not of the tradition of'poetry saying of poets aspiration',and reveals among the many literary genres what is most prominent in poetry writing is its function of originating in emotions.He stresses'emotions'as the source without discarding'giving expression to objects',and seeks the poetic ideal of'being flourishingly beautiful',thus opening a new era of the Taikang poems and songs'originating in emotions',which exerts a great and far reaching influence on the later generations.He is also the first person in the history of the Chinese fu writing who makes clear that fu takes'depicting objects'as the fundamental,but without discarding its'originating in emotions',and parcicularly,he pays special attention to fu 'being perfect'as his ideal,which formly announces theoretically the end of the Han fu period,exerting an important influence on the later generations.In essence,both LU Jis studies on poetry and fu are of great value and importance,and it is not right to favour one and censure the other.As to ZHU Zi qings related discourses which lays equal stress on LU Jis studies on poetry and fu ,they need developing and perfecting.