对孔子启发式言说方式的几点认识——兼与邓晓芒教授商榷

An exploration of Confucian idea of heuristic method --exchanging views with Pro. DENG Xiao-mang

邓晓芒教授在《开放时代》上发表一篇题为《苏格拉底与孔子的言说方式比较》的文章 ,邓教授认为孔子的言说方式是“一种任意独断的权力话语”。这种结论对孔子来说是不公正的。孔子的言说方式是启发式的言说方式 ,是其启发式教学思想的体现。这种言说方式抓住了启发式言说方式的实质和核心 ,在尊重学生人格、调动学生学习的主动性上 ,在启发学生独立思考、培养学生思维能力上 ,在建立民主平等融洽的师生关系上都尽当时的所能加以贯彻和运用。探讨孔子的启发式言说方式 ,有利于澄清现代人们的错误认识 。

Professor DENG Xiao-mang wrote an article entitled The comparison of heuristic method between Socrates and Confucius which was published on Open Times. In this article, professor Deng pointed out the way of Confucius view was' a kind of individual feeling and experience'. I think this conclusion is unfair to Confucius. Confucius was the pioneer of heuristic method. This kind of method has grasped the essence and the core of heuristic method. It had been carried out and applied as well as possible at that time in valuing the students personality, arousing their conscious activity of study, and enlightening their independent thinking, training their ability of thinking and establishing a democratic, equal and harmonious relationship between teachers and students. The exploration of Confucian heuristic method will do good to clear up the wrong understanding among people of the present contemporary age and restore an original and comprehensive idea of heuristic method of Confucius.