论司马光《通鉴》史论的内容特点

On the Content Traits of Sima Guang's Historical Criticism in Tongjian

司马光《通鉴》史论寓论于史，是《通鉴》全书的有机 组成部分。它的突出特点是，以“礼治”的思想为核心评论历史是非，以君臣为中心论述致 治之道，以“鉴古”“考今”为目的服务于社会现实，以实事求是的态度评述史事。《通鉴 》从纪事到史论都围绕着取鉴“资治”的原则，但史论部分更直接地体现了司马光的思想观 点和撰史目的，是《通鉴》的点晴之笔。

Sima Guang's historical criticism in Tongjian, integ rates critical writings with record events, thus becomes the organic constituent of Tongjian. It has the following 4 striking features, i.e, assessing the histo rical right and wrong revolves mainly around thoughts of propriety, expounding the way to run a peaceful and prosperous state centers on sovereign and minister,serving the social reality fulfils the purpose of 'drawing lessons from histor y' and 'studying the contemporary age', commenting on historical facts with p ractical and realistic attitude. From the chronicle to critical essays, Tongjian bases on a major principle of 'serving the politics', however, the part of cr itical essays directly reflects Sima Guang's viewpoints and the aim of history-narrating, so it adds the finishing touch to Tongjian.