当前中国农民负担问题研究

The Problem of Overburden in Rural Areas in China

当前农民负担过重问题 ,已经关涉到我国现代化建设的成败。中国农民负担的现状是 ,合理负担呈下降趋势 ,而不合理负担越来越重 ,而且是经济发展较快的地方负担轻 ,经济发展比较慢的地方负担反而较重。造成这种局面的主要原因 ,一是农民收入增长滞缓 ,甚至出现负增长 ;二是地方政府机构人员臃肿 ;三是农村教育费用负担过重 ;四是巧立名目乱收费。要解决此问题 ,需要调动费税改革、基层政权民主化建设和农村问题的法律化、司法监督的程序化的三大杠杆。此外 ,还需要牢固树立“三农”的基础地位的意识 ,精简政府机构 。

The overburden problem in rural areas in China is now of vital importance for the success of modernizations. Generally speaking, the reasonable burdens for farmers are declining while the unreasonable ones have been given rise to sharply. This is due to the following reasons: first, the average total annual income of farmers is rising too slowly, sometimes it even declines; second, governments at all levels are overstaffed; thirdly, the burden of education laid upon the farmers is unbearable; and lastly, local government concoct various pretexts to collect taxes from farmers. To solve these problems, efforts should be made by Chinese government to regulate the taxation system, to legalize the rural issues, to democratize local governments in rural areas and to strengthen legal supervision of local governments.