论郭象“独化”范畴的哲学意义

On the Philosophic Meaning of Guo Xiang's Category of Individualization

郭象的“独化”论是关于宇宙本体问题的玄学理论。一方面 ,它把王弼的无形无象无名的“无”这个一般、共相下落到了具体事物身上 ;另一方面 ,它又将裴的“群有”这一个体之有(存在 )提升到了本体的地位。表面看来 ,“独化”是比较简单的概念 ,因为它表征的是每个个体事物如此存在的状象。但实际上 ,它揭示出 :正是事物如此存在的状象却现象、显现、暴露了其所以如此存在的本质、本体。因此 ,郭象的“独化”范畴具有现象性的哲学性质 。

Guo Xiang's theory of individualization is a metaphysical view of the universe in itself. It not only actualizes the generality of Wang Bi's 'nothingness' as shapeless, featureless and nameless into realistic world, but also elevates the existence of a particular being in terms of Pei Wei's 'existing as species' up to a thing-in-itself position. 'Individualization' appears to be a simple conception in that what it indicates is what every individual thing is as such. However, what it actually reveals is just the true nature of why it exists as such. Therefore, Guo Xiang's category of 'individualization' is of a philosophic sense of phenomenology, which thus attains an essential connection with time.