张载关学学风特质论——兼论张载关学学风的现代意义

On the Speciality of the Spirit of Learning of Zhang Zai's Guanism ——A Concurrent View of the Modern Meaning of the Guanist Spirit of Learning

北宋道学运动的兴起 ,主要是由于赵宋统治集团之“文治”取向和“以儒立国”国策的确立 ,以及朝野互动以求“推明治道” ,从而引发儒学学风从实证化范式向哲理化范式转型的结果。张载道学 ,正是在这一学风转型过程中形成的。张载关学学风之特质体现为 :“勇于造道”、“志道精思”的道学建构 ;“道学、政术”不二的政治主张 ;“知礼成性”、“变化气质”的道德修养方法 ;“以礼为教”、“敦本善俗”的社会教化使命 ;关心民生、多方“营画”的经世致用作风。张载关学学风的现代意义 。

It was largely because of the rulers of the North Song Dynasty's orietation of 'civil administration' and policy of 'setting administering the nation on Confucianism' and the government and the public's mutual operation for 'carrying out a wise rule' that resulted in the conversion of the Confucian spirit from a positivist pattern to a logical pattern. Hence the rise of the Taoist school in the day. Zhang Zai established his Taoism just in the course of this conversion. His Guanism is characteristic of its Taoist configuration of 'boldly establishing a Tao' and 'carefully contemplating to seek Tao', its political stand of 'Tao and rule' not being mutually exclusive, its means of moral accomplishment of 'forming personality with manners' and 'converting disposition', its mission of enlightening society of 'educating with manners' and 'civilizing the mind and bettering the behaviour' and its style of business of caring for the people and 'managing' by every means. Finally, the modern meaning of Zhang Zai's Guanism can be well understood in terms of the historical and realistic social meaning of academic ideology.