儿童肘部断层解剖和超声检查的对比研究

Contrasting study of sectional anatomy and ultrasonoaphy in children elbow

目的 :提供不同年龄儿童肘部断层解剖标本 ,探索儿童肘部超声检查的可行性及方法 ,为临床应用提供形态学基础。方法 :采取 5岁、5～ 8岁、8～ 14岁各 3具童尸 ,共 18侧肘关节制作水平面、矢状面及额状面标本并进行观察 ;对不同年龄小儿肘部按解剖断面进行超声检查观察 ,将声像图与解剖断面进行比较 ,判断解剖结构及其关系 ,重点观察各骨骺的对应关系。结果 :儿童肘部解剖断面标本中 ,对关节周围及关节组成的各骨骺部的关系 ,以矢状面及额状面标本反映较直观 ;各断面超声检查声像图所反映的解剖结构和关系与断面标本基本一致 ,可观察到肘部各骨骺骨化中心及骺软骨的基本情况。结论 :超声检查儿童肘部可明确显示关节内外的解剖结构 ,某些切面可显示某些特定骨骺结构及其解剖关系 ,通过连续扫查可判断解剖结构的连续性及相互关系 ;对儿童肘部解剖情况的了解 。

Objective:To provide sections specimen of children elbow and explore methods of ultrsonography for clinical application.Methods:The sagittal, transverse and coronal planes in 18 cases of elbows of children cadavers were observed, and 20～40 cases of normal children elbow were observed by ultrasonography, and then compared with sectional anatomic specimen according to the age group. Results:The anatomy of sagittal and coronal plane could more directly display the relationship of parts of the elbow; and the ultrasonographic images of each section were identical with sectional anatomy. Ultrasonography could show the general condition of epiphyseal cartilage and ossification center in children.Conclusion:Ultrasonography is a good method for showing structure of children elbows, particularly, some sectional ultrasonographic images could show some special structure, and the continuity or interrelation of structure of children elbows could be displayed with succession ultrsonographic scanning.