句子分析的三个平面

Sentence Analysis at Three Levels

从严格意义上来讲 ,成分分析法和层次分析法不是句子的分析方法 ,而是短语的分析方法 ,充其量也只是对抽象的句子所作的句法分析 ,这种传统的所谓句子分析方法注重句法兼及语义 ,但排斥语用 ,分析的“句子”实际上是排除句调以及“挂在句子身上的语用零碎”以后剩下的词语组合。汉语的句子有具体和抽象之分。具体的句子是形式、意义和内容的三位一体 ,可以进行句法、语义分析 ,而不能进行语用分析。句子的句法、语义、语用分析把静态分析与动态分析相结合 ,既可以分析抽象的句子 ,也可以分析具体的句子 ,是一种比较理想的析句方法。

Strictly speaking, element analysis and level analysis aren't sentence analysis, but phrasal one, structural one of abstract sentences at most. This so-called traditional sentence analysis lays stress on syntax and semantic meaning, but excludes pragmatics. In fact, the parsed sentence is only words and expressions left. Chinese has concrete and abstract sentences. The concrete sentence includes form, meaning and content, three in one. Sentence analysis at three levels containing syntax, semantic meaning and pragmatics combines static analysis with dynamic analysis, in which both concrete sentences and abstract sentences can be analysed. And so this kind of sentence analysis is ideal.