出生体重与儿童期肥胖

Birth Weight and Childhood Obesity.

【目的】 研究出生体重与儿童期肥胖之间的关系。 【方法】 采用随机整群抽样方法 ,抽取北京市四个城区 3 5所小学 1～ 2年级学生 10 2 2 1名 ,进行身高、体重测量。其中 9712名学生家长填写了包含出生体重、2岁前喂养情况、家庭经济状况、父母文化和职业等内容的调查问卷。 【结果】 随着出生体重的增加 ,肥胖超重的发生率呈直线上升。低出生体重组 (BW <2 5 0 0g)肥胖的发生率为 12 .8% ,正常出生体重组 (BW =2 5 0 0～ 3 999g)为 14 .7% ,而高出生体重组 (BW≥ 40 0 0g)则高达 2 3 .3 % ,并且以中重度肥胖为主。早产低体重儿的肥胖发生率为 18% ,明显高于足月小样儿 (8.8% )。 【结论】 高出生体重是儿童期肥胖的重要危险因素 ,早产低体重儿较宫内生长迟缓儿易发生儿童期肥胖。预防肥胖应该从胎儿期抓起。

To study the relationship between birth weight and clildhood obesity. A cross sectional survey with random cluster sampling had been done in Beijing urban city. 10 221 children aged 6～8 years selected from 35 primary schools were surveyed. Height and weight were measured. Among them,9 712 questionnaires including birth weight,early feeding, family economic status, parent's education level and occupation etc. were completed by children's parents. The weight for height of NCHS/WHO was used as the reference data to define overweight(≥110% of median) and obese(≥120% of median). The prevalence of obesity and overweight rose in a linear tendency along with birth weight increasing. The prevalence of obesity for low birth weight group (BW<2 500g) was 12.8%,14.7% for the normal birth weight group (BW=2 500～3 999g) and its rising to 23.3% for the high birth weight group.The prevalence of obesity for children born pre term was 18%, higher than the children born small for gestational age(8.8%) significantly. [Conclusions] Higher birth weight was a risk factor for childhood obesity. The premature infants with low birth weight were likely to be obese in childhood as compared with those children who were intrauterine growth retardation. Prevention should be done from prenatal period.