婴儿运动里程碑和神经反射发育的横断面研究

A Cross-section Survey on Motor Milestone and Neurological Reflexes in Infants.

【目的】 观察城乡 3、6、9、12个月婴儿运动里程碑、原始反射、姿势反应和肌张力发育的年龄和性别特征 ,评价检查项目信度。 【方法】 运用自行设计的由 2 4个检查项目组成的“婴儿运动功能评价表” ,在安徽省 2 0个乡镇和两座城市 ,对 2 2 3 1名 3、6、9、12个月龄婴儿进行运动功能检查。 【结果】 不同评分者评价的一致率为 96.7% ,运动里程碑、原始反射、姿势反应和肌张力检查项目Cronbach内部一致性系数分别为 0 .945、0 .5 48、0 .949和 .0 2 44 ,4类运动功能检查项目评分城乡差异无统计学显著意义 ;运动里程碑、原始反射、姿势反应和肌张力检查项目评分在 3、6、9、12个婴儿中城乡差异和性别差异均无统计学显著意义 ,提出了不同月龄儿不同运动功能检查项目出现率和异常判断标准。 【结论】 婴儿运动功能检查有较高的信度 ,不同运动功能检查项目在 3、6、9。

To survey the age and gender characteristics of motor function including motor milestone, primitive reflexes, postural reaction, and muscle stone in infants and to evaluate the reliability of items of motor function. A infant motor function checklist,which consisted of 24 items including 7 items of motor milestone,7 items of primitive reflexes,8 items of postural reaction,and 2 items of muscle tone,was developed.The motor function of 2 231 infants at ages of 3,6,9,12 months from rural areas and urban areas of two cities in Anhui province were assessed using the checklist.The consistency of different examiners to evaluate the same item and Cronbach's consistent index of items of four kinds of motor function were used to assess the reliability of the items. Consistent rate of different examiners to evaluate the same item was 96.7%,the Cronbach's consistent indexes of the items of motor milestone,primitive reflex,postural reaction,and muscle tone were 0.945,0.548,0.949,and 0.244,respectively.The scores of the items of motor milestone,primitive reflex,postural reaction,and muscle tone in rural and urban infants were not significantly different.Those were also not found significant difference between male and female infants.The passing rate of items in the checklist aged 3,6,9,12 months were list in the paper. [Conclusions] High parallel reliability and internal consistent reliability were observed except for two items of muscle tone.The deta of passing rate of different items to assess motor function in infants at ages of 3,6,9,12 months could be a reference to evaluate infant motor function.