政府管制的理论前提

Theoretical Presupposition of Governmental Regulation

市场失灵是政府管制的必要条件 ,也即理论前提。而研究市场失灵的最好方法 ,是先理解“市场成功”,即聚集理想化的竞争市场 ,使资源均衡配置达到帕累托最优状态和社会福利最大化的能力。而市场成功的严格表达就是一般均衡的理论体系、效率与社会福利。其基本结论是 ,如果消费者的消费可能集与生产者的生产可能集是闭凸且偏好下有界、偏好非局部充分满足、连续和单调 ,那么 ,一般均衡、帕累托有效和社会福利最大同时成立。反之 ,就会出现市场失灵。而导致市场失灵的主要原因是闭凸条件的破坏。因此 。

In this essay,I think that market failure is the prerequisite of government regulation.The best method of researching market failure is to understand market succeed .The strict expressed of market succeed is the theory system of general equilibrium . The basic conclusion is that ,if one economy system satisfies three conditions ,consumption function and production function are monotonous ,continuous,and convex ,the market mechanism is completely effective .Usually,if consumer and production are rational ,the condition of monotonous and continuous is satisfied ,but convex will not be satisfied .So convex is the key factor to analysis prerequisite of government regulation.