康、梁“蒙养”差异及其对清末学术的不同影响

The Difference in Elementary Education between Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao and their Different Influences on Knowledge of Late Qing Dynasty

康、梁——清末思想界两大巨星。以“军功显贵”的名门 ,重气节、主经世、“学富五车”的名师 ,以及在早年就得以沐浴西方文明之光的优厚条件 ,使康有为树立起“王者师”的博大胸怀 ,故而其学“重体”;而“教化儒”的家风和“客家人”的拓荒习性 ,在幼年梁启超的心灵中就栽下了“仁、勤、慧”三根 ,这便决定了他一生的学术主“动”而重“用”。康氏所重之“体”,乃是贯穿于物界与人界的平等大同之境 ;而梁氏所主之“动”,乃是从物之成因的角度讨论人与万物因其“自动”

Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao were two great stars in the realm of ideology in late Qing Dynasty. Born in an eminent family which achieved wealth and rank by military exploit, Kang Youwei studied under a great erudite master, who paid attention to moral integrity and practical knowledge, and absorbed western culture in his early years. This helped Kang cultivate a mind broad enough for its owner to be the master of monarch (wangzheshi), and his knowledge attached much importance to ontology. Liang Qichao, following the family tradition of Confucian education and inheriting the pioneering spirit of Hakka people, was imbued with benevolence, diligence, and intelligence from his childhood. This determined that his learning stressed activity and application.