部队营区树上的蝇种、习性及防治对策

THE SPECIES HUBITS AND CONTROL OF ADUIT FIES RESTING ON THE TREES IN MILITARY DISTRACTS

蝇类在树上活动,文献曾有定性记载,这些简单地表示难以为局部地区的蝇类防治提供依据。为填补这一空白,我们于90年5月至7月对海南岛、广州、武汉、沈阳、长春、齐齐哈尔地区部分居住区内的各种树木栖蝇种类、数量、生活习性及防治对策进行了调查研究。结果表明:1、经对居住区49个树种,1531株树木调查,栖蝇树种只有17种。各栖蝇树种的有蝇阳性率在90%以上,蝇密度较高的树种有9种;2、在栖蝇树上采到蝇标本3298只,鉴定为43个蝇种,每个栖蝇树种以两个占比率最高的蝇种计算,主栖蝇种只有10个品种;3、调查的六个地区1531株树木,各地区栖蝇树木所占比率在21.2%～27.6%左右。各地区的栖蝇树种只有2—3种。地区间树木栖蝇的优势种多数相同,少数不同;4、居住区外环境的蝇类,白天除在一些孳生场所觅食外,还有很大数量的蝇类喜欢在一些树上活动,夜间也多栖息于这些树上。夜间树栖蝇种与数量均高于白天。靠近房舍的栖蝇树木,蝇密度高,远则低;5、外环境中大部分蝇种有在一些树木上活动与栖息习性,它为住区外环境的蝇类防制提供了依据。经对居住区距房舍较近的栖蝇树木进行药物喷树灭蝇可取得非常好的灭蝇效果。

In order to control flies more effectively,a study of the relation be- tween the flies and trees was carried out in the military distracts of Ha- ikou、Guangzhon、Wuhan、Shenyang、Changchun and Qiqihaer from May to July,1990.The results were as follows:During the investigation,1531 trees belong to 49 species were examined,and of them,17 species were found having flies.In these trees,the most important fly-inhabiting trees were only 2-3 species in every areas,During the investigation,43 species of fly were collected,and of them,10 species were prodominant or subdo- minant.The investigation showed that the dencity and the species of fly in night were more than that in day,respectively.In the synthetical mea- sures controlling flies,we based on the key points agained in above inve- stigation to treat focal trees nearer to building in military distracts with insecticide and obtained satisfying effect.